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Effects of Marijuana on the Fetus and Breastfeeding Infants. 09/18/2012	Pregnancy, Research
The carbon footprint of indoor Cannabis production 04/17/2012 This article estimates the energy consumption for this practice in the United States at 1% of national electricity use, or $6 billion each year	Environment, Electricity
Putting the placebo effect to work 04/01/2012	Harvard, Placebo
Legalization, Decriminalization, and Medicinal Use of Cannabis: A Scientific and Public Health perspective 04/01/2012 As expected, prescription cannabinoids are effective antiemetics and appetite stimulants, and some studies report their effectiveness as adjunct therapy in chronic pain syndromes, spasticity, and glaucoma. Similar results are reported by the few studies of smoked cannabis plant for these same indications. As noted earlier, safe and effective alternative treatments for all these syndromes are available. Studies assessing psychological aspects of smoked cannabis and prescription cannabinoids uniformly report undesired effects: acute psychosis, poorer prognosis of chronic psychosis, or cognitive dulling in medical patients.	health, addiction, pills, youth, Research, social costs
Legalization, Decriminalization & Medicinal Use of Cannabis:A Scientific and Public Health Perspective 03/01/2012	Research, Studies, Psychosis, Glaucoma, mental health, organs, risks
Birth outcomes associated with cannabis use before and during pregnancy. 02/28/2012 Records for 24,874 women: The results of this study show that the use of cannabis in pregnancy is associated with increased risk of adverse birth outcomes. Prevention programs that address cannabis use during pregnancy are needed. Multivariate analysis, controlling for potential confounders, including tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and use of other illicit drugs, showed that cannabis use in pregnancy was associated with low birth weight, preterm labor, small for gestational age, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit.	Pregnancy
Brain Facts- Society of Neuroscience 02/16/2012 In radioactive tracing studies, scientists found that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in marijuana, binds to specific receptors called cannabinoid receptors, many of which coordinate movement. This may explain why people who drive after they smoke marijuana are impaired. The hippocampus, a structure involved with memory storage and learning, also contains many receptors for THC. This finding provides some insight into why heavy users or those intoxicated on marijuana have poor short-term memory and problems processing complex information.	Brain, society of neuroscience
The Teen Brain and Marijuana 02/16/2012 Even after controlling for the confounding effect of mental illness symptoms preceding marijuana use, these studies showed an increased risk of developing schizophrenia or mood disorders (depression, anxiety) in adulthood if individuals regularly smoked marijuana during adolescence. The risk was particularly heightened if there was any family history of mental illness (i.e., “genetics provided the loaded gun and marijuana pulled the trigger”). Also, mental illness, among those at risk, tended to show up earlier with marijuana use.	Brain, mental health, Teen, CEASAR
Regular marijuana use by teens continues to be a concern 01/01/2012	youth, Teens
Doubly illegal: Qualitative accounts of underage alcohol access through theft 12/01/2011 In addition to 9% of respondents who reported stealing alcohol from commercial outlets themselves, a total of 26% respondents reported occasions when their close friends stole alcohol. Our findings unveiled that teens had a body of knowledge that some drew upon for stealing alcohol. Youths revealed detailed knowledge about store layout, theft protection devices and store policies. In particular, respondents disclosed knowledge about which aisles have blind spots, how to remove security tops on bottles, and no-chase policies. As one 17 year old female described: “in a liquor store the cashier’s gonna be watching you and in a big supermarket it’s more open. [...] it’s just some open place and there’s no one around, you can just steal it more easily than in a small business.” Youths also reported knowing the layout of large commercial stores, in particular the locations of security cameras and blind sports. Youths used blind spots to slip a bottle of alcohol into a pocket or backpack unnoticed. A 17 year old boy discussed how he and his friend strategized: “We had a whole system. As it turns out, the only aisle in every store that doesn’t have security cameras is the pet food aisle. So my friend looks really old, and I’d have the backpack. He’d go and he’d grab the handle [1.75 liter liquor bottle], walk into the pet food aisle, put it into my backpack and we’d walk out.”	alcohol, ncbi
MARIJUANA: TUCSON MASSACRE SUSPECT JARED LOUGHNER WAS 'HABITUAL' POT USER 08/15/2011 An Army official says Tucson massacre suspect Jared Loughner, who wanted to sign up for military service two years ago, was a “habitual drug abuser.” The revelation brings up the question of whether marijuana played a role in an apparently troubled man's life. While cannabis is legal in California and is sometimes seen as a medicinal panacea in L.A., the pot shop capital of the nation, some say it has a dark side, especially for daily users.	violence, mass killings
tudy: Pot Growers Inhale 1% of U.S. Electricity, Exhale GHGs of 3M Cars 04/11/2011 The resulting price tag is about $5 billion in annual electricity costs, said Mills, who conducted and published the research independently from the Berkeley lab. The resulting contribution to greenhouse gas emissions equals about 3 million cars on the road, he said.	Water, Electricity, Growers
Police group opposes medical marijuana law 03/31/2011	Police, legalization
Marijuana Use Precedes the Onset Of Psychotic Symptoms In Youth and Young Adults 03/24/2011	Teens, Psychosis
Teens who smoke pot at risk for later schizophrenia, psychosis 03/08/2011 Evidence is mounting that regular marijuana use increases the chance that a teenager will develop psychosis, a pattern of unusual thoughts or perceptions, such as believing the television is transmitting secret messages. It also increases the risk of developing schizophrenia, a disabling brain disorder that not only causes psychosis, but also problems concentrating and loss of emotional expression.	Teens, Schizophrenia
Differences Between Smoking Cigarettes & Marijuana 02/16/2011 The truth is that both tobacco and marijuana have damaging effects. Those who smoke both cigarettes and marijuana suffer the compound consequences of two different drugs destroying their health simultaneously.	cigarettes
Decriminalization would increase the use and the economic and social costs of drugs. 09/01/2010 The argument that drug decriminalization, or legalization, will solve the budget crisis, reduce prison overcrowding and cripple drug cartels is simply not supported by evidence. In fact, the benefits of keeping marijuana and other illicit drugs illegal clearly outweigh the negative and predictable consequences of legitimizing these substances.	decriminalization, legalization, illegal
Association of Cannabis Use in Adolescence and Risk of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality in Young Adulthood 02/16/2010 Conclusions and Relevance Although individual-level risk remains moderate to low and results from this study should be confirmed in future adequately powered prospective studies, the high prevalence of adolescents consuming cannabis generates a large number of young people who could develop depression and suicidality attributable to cannabis. This is an important public health problem and concern, which should be properly addressed by health care policy.	anxiety, depression, suicide, study, meta-analysis, Research, 2023 Presentation Dr Berry
Decriminalization would increase the use and the economic and social costs of drugs. 02/01/2010 In fact, the benefits of keeping marijuana and other illicit drugs illegal clearly outweigh the negative and predictable consequences of legitimizing these substances. Our position is simple and evidence-based: both decriminalization and legalization of illicit drugs would increase their use, along with their associated health and social costs. Unless advocates of decriminalization or of outright legalization can establish that more drug use is a net good for society, both arguments are self-refuting. Higher prices help hold down rates of usage.	legalization, usage, social costs, alcohol
Documentary Links Marijuana Use with Psychosis, Schizophrenia 01/28/2010	Psychosis, Schizophrenia
Marijuana History- CEASAR 01/01/2010 Long-term marijuana abuse has several negative impacts on the user, including:10 Limiting the brain's capacity to store and retrieve information Damage to the brain's memory functions, as well as math and verbal skills Sexual dysfunction and reproductive problems, including irregular sperm and lowered sperm count in men and menstrual and ovulatory disruption in women Weakening of the immune system Increased risk of cancer and lung damage Increased blood pressure and risk of heart attack Loss of motivation and interest in everyday activities and future plans	History, illegal, CEASAR, Long-term
THE EFFECT OF CANNABIS COMPARED WITH ALCOHOL ON DRIVING 09/17/2009 Cannabis and alcohol acutely impair several driving-related skills in a dose-related fashion, but the effects of cannabis vary more between individuals than they do with alcohol because of tolerance, differences in smoking technique, and different absorptions of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in marijuana.	alcohol, driving
Marijuana potency surpasses 10 percent, U.S. says 05/14/2009	Potency
Heavy Marijuana Use May Damage Developing Brain In Teens, Young Adult 02/03/2009	Teen, Brain
A Hidden Effect of Marijuana Use 06/15/2008 Marijuana's impact on the sleep cycle can produce both acute and chronic effects on a person's functioning.Researchers have demonstrated that THC ingestion decreases SWS and REM sleep, and has sometimes been found to eliminate REM sleep altogether in rats, rabbits, and cats. In later research, the same effect was observed in humans in controlled studies, with the added finding that sleep cycles did not return to normal until after about one week of abstinence.	Sleep, Immune System
“Pot Is More Dangerous than LSD or Heroine” - Liberal UK Newspaper Apologizes for Efforts to Legalize 04/02/2007	Danger, Psychosis, Studies
Who is really in prison for Marijuana? 08/25/2004 The overwhelming majority of people incarcerated for marijuana offenses are not occasional, casual, or firsttime users. Rather, they are criminals who have been found guilty of trafficking, growing, manufacturing, selling, or distributing the drug, or who were convicted of multiple offenses that happened to include a marijuana charge. Seldom does anyone in this country go to prison for nothing more than smoking pot.	possession, ONDCP, prisons
Twins Study Links Early Marijuana Use to Increased Risk of Abuse or Dependence 11/01/2003	youth, risks
Cannabis / Marijuana ( Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol, THC) 02/16/2000 Decreased car handling performance, increased reaction times, impaired time and distance estimation, inability to maintain headway, lateral travel, subjective sleepiness, motor incoordination, and impaired sustained vigilance have all been reported. Some drivers may actually be able to improve performance for brief periods by overcompensating for self-perceived impairment. The greater the demands placed on the driver, however, the more critical the likely impairment. Marijuana may particularly impair monotonous and prolonged driving. Decision times to evaluate situations and determine appropriate responses increase. Mixing alcohol and marijuana may dramatically produce effects greater than either drug on its own.	NHTSA, THC, Pharmacokinetics, driving
Mixing Alcohol And Marijuana Increases Impairment In Drivers 07/22/1999 Marijuana, even in low to moderate doses, negatively affects driving performance in real situations. While previous research on alcohol effects alone show that alcohol at BACs around .10 is far more impairing than low or moderate THC doses alone, marijuana does impair driving performance. Drivers would be less than normally able to avoid collisions if confronted with the sudden need for evasive action. The effect of combining moderate doses of alcohol and moderate doses of marijuana resulted in a dramatic performance decrement and levels of impairment, as great as observed when at 0.14 BAC alone.	alcohol

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